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In all marathon events, an organizer needs to determine the winners. However, this is a complicated process since such events have many participants and starting points within a limited space. Under such condition, runners cannot ...
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In all marathon events, an organizer needs to determine the winners. However, this is a complicated process since such events have many participants and starting points within a limited space. Under such condition, runners cannot start concurrently and thus those who cross the finish line first are not always the winners. To judge the top runners with accuracy and fairness, an organizer needs to acquire net times that rank participants. The net time is the difference between a runner’s time recorded at the finish line and his/her time recorded at the start. This must be calculated for each runner. Currently, RFID technology is widely used to record times and determine the performance of runners in several marathon events. However, most RFID-based solutions for marathons are commercially available and licensed on a yearly basis. The cost of a commercial product can be as high as 2,000,000 baht. This study presents an implementation of RFID technology for a marathon organizer to determine the winners by recording the times at the check in point, the starting point, the checkpoints, and the finish point. Furthermore, the developed system also reports the results of the marathon in real-time via a web application that can be viewed on any online electronic device. The cost of the proposed solution is estimated to be about 200,000 baht. It can reduce the processing time from one hour to just five minutes, which is about one-tenth that of a commercial product.
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The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA) nearreal-time (RT) data are considered less accurate than the TMPA research quality (RP) data because of the simplified data processing a...
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The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA) nearreal-time (RT) data are considered less accurate than the TMPA research quality (RP) data because of the simplified data processing algorithm and the lack of gauge adjustments. However, for near-real-time hydrological applications, such as drought nowcasting, the RT data must play a key role given latency considerations and consistency is essential with products like RP, which have a long-term climatology. The authors used a bivariate test to examine the consistency between the monthly RT and RP precipitation estimates for 12 yr (2000-12) and found that, for over 75% of land cells globally, RT and RP were statistically consistent at 0.05 significance level. The inconsistent grid cells are spatially clustered in western North America, northern South America, central Africa, and most of Australia. The authors also show that RT generally increases with time relative to RP in northern South America and western Australia, while in western North America and eastern Australia, RT decreases relative to RP. In other areas such as the eastern part of North America, Eurasia, and southern part of the South America, the RT data are statistically consistent with the RP data and are appropriate for global-or macroscale hydrological applications.
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The authors have developed a set of highly-adaptable, real-time measurement tools for improving energy efficiency in certain power-hungry foundry operations. These tools can measure and remotely monitor power-use and process statu...
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The authors have developed a set of highly-adaptable, real-time measurement tools for improving energy efficiency in certain power-hungry foundry operations. These tools can measure and remotely monitor power-use and process status parameters to enable analysis and improvements of energy usage. Our approach exploits the ability to use a wide-range of sensor devices combined with data analysis based on context knowledge of the measurands to facilitate the identification of significant energy-savings opportunities. Using these tools, the authors have identified energy savings opportunities for several manufacturing processes by monitoring and analyzing real-time, process-related information in conjunction with electric power consumption data. Specifically, it has been found that some energy savings opportunities are only apparent after combining synchronously-collected, machine and process information with power-use profiles. In this paper, examples of applying this approach to various manufacturing processes from different product sectors are discussed.
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To understand overall infectivity, virus progression anddisease onset it is important to perform a detailed exami-nation of cytopathic effects. Depending on the type ofviruses and cells, different cytopathic effects might beobserv...
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To understand overall infectivity, virus progression anddisease onset it is important to perform a detailed exami-nation of cytopathic effects. Depending on the type ofviruses and cells, different cytopathic effects might beobserved dependent on the timepoint of infection (e.g.,during the growth or stationary phase) and the amountof virus used.
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Real-time consultation and monitoring of the patient’s nervous system function is provided in more than 410,000 high-risk surgeries per year in the United States. More than 80% of those cases are staffed by remote clinical neurop...
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Real-time consultation and monitoring of the patient’s nervous system function is provided in more than 410,000 high-risk surgeries per year in the United States. More than 80% of those cases are staffed by remote clinical neurophysiologists using real-time telemedicine. The evolution of the underlying technologies is described.
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Given a log and a specification, timed pattern matching aims at exhibiting for which start and end dates a specification holds on that log. For example, "a given action is always followed by another action before a given deadline"...
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Given a log and a specification, timed pattern matching aims at exhibiting for which start and end dates a specification holds on that log. For example, "a given action is always followed by another action before a given deadline". This problem has strong connections with monitoring real-time systems. We address here timed pattern matching in the presence of an uncertain specification, i.e., that may contain timing parameters (e.g., the deadline can be uncertain or unknown). We want to know for which start and end dates, and for what values of the timing parameters, a property holds. For instance, we look for the minimum or maximum deadline (together with the corresponding start and end dates) for which the property holds. We propose two frameworks for parametric timed pattern matching. The first one is based on parametric timed model checking. In contrast to most parametric timed problems, the solution is effectively computable. The second one is a dedicated method; not only we largely improve the efficiency compared to the first method, but we further propose optimizations with skipping. Our experiment results suggest that our algorithms, especially the second one, are efficient and practically relevant.
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Current diagnosing phase shifting interferometry is a time and funds consuming process. Hence a brief and effective method is necessary to satisfy the real-time testing. In this paper, mathematical solutions for errors were deduce...
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Current diagnosing phase shifting interferometry is a time and funds consuming process. Hence a brief and effective method is necessary to satisfy the real-time testing. In this paper, mathematical solutions for errors were deduced from the difference of intensity patterns. Based on the diversity of error distributions, an effective method for distinguishing and diagnosing the error sources is proposed and verified by an elaborative designed simulation. In the actual comparison experiment, vibration, phase-shift error and intensity fluctuation were imposed to demonstrate this method. The results showed that this method can be applied into the real-time measurement and provide an in situ diagnosing technique.
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Background: While real-time (RT) continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems may revolutionize treatment of type 1 diabetes (T1D), there is insufficient evidence currently available to support widespread utilization of these devic...
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Background: While real-time (RT) continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems may revolutionize treatment of type 1 diabetes (T1D), there is insufficient evidence currently available to support widespread utilization of these devices. The Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (JDRF) CGM Study Group developed a randomized clinical trial to determine if RT-CGM can improve glycemic control and quality of life in children and adults with T1D. This paper presents the research design and methods that are being employed in this study.
Methods: The JDRF CGM Study Group trial is a randomized, parallel group, efficacy and safety study. Subjects with T1DM who meet eligibility criteria are randomized to either standard self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) alone or use of any of the three current RT-CGM systems as a supplement to SMBG. After the 6-month randomized period, the Control Group is offered use of RT-CGM, and both groups are studied for an additional 6 months. Subjects are divided into two cohorts: the Main Study Cohort includes subjects with baseline glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) 7.0–10.0% inclusive, and the Exploratory Pilot Study Cohort includes subjects with HbA1c <7.0%. Difference in HbA1c is the primary outcome in the Main Study. Other outcomes include the percentage of sensor glucose values within the 70–180 mg/dL range, scores on questionnaires that assess the impact of RT-CGM on living with T1D, and the cost-effectiveness of RT-CGM.
Results: Recruitment for the study was completed on December 15, 2007.
Conclusion: Results of this clinical trial should help establish whether or not current RT-CGM devices are beneficial to patients with T1D.
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The transient state of excitation and relaxation processes in materials under shock compression can be investigated by coupling the laser driven shock facility with Raman spectroscopy. For this purpose, a time resolved Raman spect...
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The transient state of excitation and relaxation processes in materials under shock compression can be investigated by coupling the laser driven shock facility with Raman spectroscopy. For this purpose, a time resolved Raman spectroscopy setup has been developed to monitor the physical and the chemical changes such as phase transitions, chemical reactions, molecular kinetics etc., under shock compression with nanosecond time resolution. This system consist of mainly three parts, a 2 J/8 ns Nd:YAG laser system used for generation of pump and probe beams, a Raman spectrometer with temporal and spectral resolution of 1.2 ns and 3 cm~(-1) respectively and a target holder in confinement geometry assembly. Detailed simulation for the optimization of confinement geometry targets is performed. Time resolved measurement of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) targets at focused laser intensity of 2.2GW/cm~2 has been done. The corresponding pressure in the Aluminum and PTFE are 3.6 and 1.7 GPa respectively. At 1.7 GPa in PTFE, a red shift of 5 cm~(-1) is observed for the CF_2 twisting mode (291 cm~(-1)). Shock velocity in PTFE is calculated by measuring rate of change of ratios of the intensity of Raman lines scattered from shocked volume to total volume of sample in the laser focal spot along the laser axis. The calculated shock velocity in PTFE is found to be 1.64 ± 0.16 km?s at shock pressure of 1.7 GPa, for present experimental conditions.
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